2018 |
Chrysoulakis, Nektarios; Grimmond, Sue; Feigenwinter, Christian; Lindberg, Fredrik; Gastellu-Etchegorry, Jean-Philippe; Marconcini, Mattia; Mitraka, Zina; Stagakis, Stavros; Crawford, Ben; Olofson, Frans; Landier, Lucas; Morrison, William; Parlow, Eberhard Urban energy exchanges monitoring from space (Journal Article) nature.com , Scientific Reports volume (8), pp. 11498, 2018, ISSN: 2045-2322. (Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: anthropogenic heat emission, Anthropogenic Heat Flux, Concentration profiles, Copernicus Sentinels, Earth Observation, Eddy-covariance, Flux measurements, Ground-based thermography, Image classification, reducing, Sensor view modelling, Street canyon, Thermographic camera modelling, Understanding, Upwelling longwave radiation, urban, Urban Climate, Urban Energy Budget, urban heat fluxes, Urban meteorology) @article{Chrysoulakis2018, title = {Urban energy exchanges monitoring from space}, author = {Nektarios Chrysoulakis and Sue Grimmond and Christian Feigenwinter and Fredrik Lindberg and Jean-Philippe Gastellu-Etchegorry and Mattia Marconcini and Zina Mitraka and Stavros Stagakis and Ben Crawford and Frans Olofson and Lucas Landier and William Morrison and Eberhard Parlow }, editor = {nature.com}, url = {http://urbanfluxes.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/UF_Overview_final.pdf}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-29873-x}, issn = {2045-2322}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-07-31}, journal = { nature.com }, volume = {Scientific Reports volume}, number = {8}, pages = {11498}, abstract = {One important challenge facing the urbanization and global environmental change community is to understand the relation between urban form, energy use and carbon emissions. Missing from the current literature are scientific assessments that evaluate the impacts of different urban spatial units on energy fluxes; yet, this type of analysis is needed by urban planners, who recognize that local scale zoning affects energy consumption and local climate. Satellite-based estimation of urban energy fluxes at neighbourhood scale is still a challenge. Here we show the potential of the current satellite missions to retrieve urban energy budget fluxes, supported by meteorological observations and evaluated by direct flux measurements. We found an agreement within 5% between satellite and in-situ derived net all-wave radiation; and identified that wall facet fraction and urban materials type are the most important parameters for estimating heat storage of the urban canopy. The satellite approaches were found to underestimate measured turbulent heat fluxes, with sensible heat flux being most sensitive to surface temperature variation (−64.1, +69.3 W m−2 for ±2 K perturbation). They also underestimate anthropogenic heat fluxes. However, reasonable spatial patterns are obtained for the latter allowing hot-spots to be identified, therefore supporting both urban planning and urban climate modelling.}, keywords = {anthropogenic heat emission, Anthropogenic Heat Flux, Concentration profiles, Copernicus Sentinels, Earth Observation, Eddy-covariance, Flux measurements, Ground-based thermography, Image classification, reducing, Sensor view modelling, Street canyon, Thermographic camera modelling, Understanding, Upwelling longwave radiation, urban, Urban Climate, Urban Energy Budget, urban heat fluxes, Urban meteorology}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } One important challenge facing the urbanization and global environmental change community is to understand the relation between urban form, energy use and carbon emissions. Missing from the current literature are scientific assessments that evaluate the impacts of different urban spatial units on energy fluxes; yet, this type of analysis is needed by urban planners, who recognize that local scale zoning affects energy consumption and local climate. Satellite-based estimation of urban energy fluxes at neighbourhood scale is still a challenge. Here we show the potential of the current satellite missions to retrieve urban energy budget fluxes, supported by meteorological observations and evaluated by direct flux measurements. We found an agreement within 5% between satellite and in-situ derived net all-wave radiation; and identified that wall facet fraction and urban materials type are the most important parameters for estimating heat storage of the urban canopy. The satellite approaches were found to underestimate measured turbulent heat fluxes, with sensible heat flux being most sensitive to surface temperature variation (−64.1, +69.3 W m−2 for ±2 K perturbation). They also underestimate anthropogenic heat fluxes. However, reasonable spatial patterns are obtained for the latter allowing hot-spots to be identified, therefore supporting both urban planning and urban climate modelling. |
2017 |
Feigenwinter, Christian; Schmutz, Michael; Vogt, Roland; Parlow, Eberhard (Ed.) Insights from more than ten years of CO2 flux measurements in the city of Basel, Switzerland (Periodical) International Association for Urban Climate, Issue NO. 65 September 2017 , 2017. (Links | BibTeX | Tags: Basel, Carbon-dioxide, Concentration profiles, Eddy-covariance, Flux measurements, Street canyon, urban) @periodical{Feigenwinter2017j, title = {Insights from more than ten years of CO2 flux measurements in the city of Basel, Switzerland}, author = {Christian Feigenwinter and Michael Schmutz and Roland Vogt and Eberhard Parlow }, editor = {Christian Feigenwinter and Michael Schmutz and Roland Vogt and Eberhard Parlow }, url = {http://urbanfluxes.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/2017_Feigenwinter_et_al_IntAssocUrbClim1.pdf}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-08-01}, issuetitle = {International Association for Urban Climate}, journal = {Urban Climate News, Quarterly Newsletter of the International Association for Urban Climate}, volume = {Issue NO. 65 September 2017}, pages = {24-32}, keywords = {Basel, Carbon-dioxide, Concentration profiles, Eddy-covariance, Flux measurements, Street canyon, urban}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {periodical} } |
Feigenwinter, Christian; Parlow, Eberhard; Vogt, Roland; Schmutz, Michael; Chrysoulakis, Nektarios; Lindberg, Fredrik; Marconcini, Mattia; del-Frate, Fabio Spatial Distribution of Sensible and Latent Heat Flux in the URBANFLUXES case study city Basel (Switzerland) (Conference) 2017, ISSN: 978-1-5090-5808-2. (Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Basel, Carbon-dioxide, Concentration profiles, Eddy-covariance, Flux measurements, Street canyon, urban) @conference{Feigenwinter2017, title = {Spatial Distribution of Sensible and Latent Heat Flux in the URBANFLUXES case study city Basel (Switzerland)}, author = {Christian Feigenwinter and Eberhard Parlow and Roland Vogt and Michael Schmutz and Nektarios Chrysoulakis and Fredrik Lindberg and Mattia Marconcini and Fabio del-Frate }, editor = {Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)}, url = {http://urbanfluxes.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/2017_Feigenwinter_et_al_JURSE.pdf}, doi = {10.1109/JURSE.2017.7924594}, issn = {978-1-5090-5808-2}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-05-11}, abstract = {Turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes are calculated by a combined method using micrometeorological approaches (the Aerodynamic Resistance Method ARM), Earth Observation (EO) data and GISTechniques. The spatial distributions of turbulent heat fluxes were analyzed for 22 for the city of Basel (Switzerland), covering all seasons and different meteorological conditions. Seasonal variations in heat fluxes are strongly dependent on meteorological conditions, i.e. air temperature, water vapor saturation deficit and wind speed. The agreement of measured fluxes (by the Eddy Covariance method) with modeled fluxes in the weighted source area of the flux towers is moderate due to known drawbacks in the modelling approach and uncertainties inherent to EC measurements, particularly also in urban areas}, keywords = {Basel, Carbon-dioxide, Concentration profiles, Eddy-covariance, Flux measurements, Street canyon, urban}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {conference} } Turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes are calculated by a combined method using micrometeorological approaches (the Aerodynamic Resistance Method ARM), Earth Observation (EO) data and GISTechniques. The spatial distributions of turbulent heat fluxes were analyzed for 22 for the city of Basel (Switzerland), covering all seasons and different meteorological conditions. Seasonal variations in heat fluxes are strongly dependent on meteorological conditions, i.e. air temperature, water vapor saturation deficit and wind speed. The agreement of measured fluxes (by the Eddy Covariance method) with modeled fluxes in the weighted source area of the flux towers is moderate due to known drawbacks in the modelling approach and uncertainties inherent to EC measurements, particularly also in urban areas |
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